Summative academic essay, Eberly Center

Students are expected to use key details from sources to either explain or demonstrate understanding of a specific topic. Writing should include an introduction followed by a logically sequenced presentation of the key details, with a summative conclusion at the end. Depth of understanding is demonstrated by the effective use of domain-specific vocabulary and inferences supported by text evidence. Summative academic essay

Summative Essays (Examples)

Major and minor scales, and chromatic scale from low E. To high C.

3. One movement from a sonata or concerto comparable in difficulty to the Sonata by Wanhal or the Concerto No.3 by Stamitz.

Students age 14 and older:

1. Major, minor and chromatic scales.

2. An etude comparable to those by C. ose

3. One movement from a piece comparable in difficulty to the Concerto in a Major, K. 622, by Mozart; Concerto in F Minor, Op. 73, by Weber; sonatas by Bernstein, Saint-Sans, or Hindemith; or any of the 16 Grand Solos by Bonade.

A prospective student is judged relative to the individuals with whom he or she competes against on these exercises: during a very strong year for candidates, some highly talented students might be rejected. During a weaker year, as the school needs students to pay tuition, the most talented candidates…

Assessment purposes. (2010). Assessment. Available November 13, 2010 at http://www.edtech.vt.edu/edtech/id/assess/purposes.html

Audition requirements. (2010). Julliard School Website. Available November 13, 2010 at http://www.juilliard.edu/precollege/admissions/admissions_requirements.html

De la Jara, Rodrigo. (2010). IQ basics. IQ comparison site. Available November 13, 2010 at http://www.iqcomparisonsite.com/IQBasics.aspx

Directory of test specifications. (1996). NJPEP (NJ Professional Education Port).

Yahoo Summative Assessment Family Name

(Thomas a. Piraino, 2009)

The particular case of Yahoo! rejecting Microsoft's claim did not constitute a real violation of any existing laws, though it does touch on some issues of ethics regarding company paid stockholders selling stocks during merger talks (which verges on insider trading) as well as ethical issues surrounding stockholder interests and deliberate actions that might devalue the company to make it less desirable to another. (Summative Assessment Case, 2009-2010) Insider trading is a significant problem in big business that is rarely addressed, despite the Enron and other big name scandals. (Anand & Beny, 2007) (Aier, 2008) (Darrough & Ye, 2006)

The fact that Yang did not rightfully perform his fiduciary duties to shareholders in the negotiations with Microsoft is apparent by the inside attempt to take hold of the company by Carl Icahn and buying an essay online his team of proposed board members, and possible disgruntled shareholders. There is no…

Aier, J.K. (2008). Insider Trading in Loss Firms. University of Arizona, 1-51.

Anand, a.I., & Beny, L.N. (2007, November). Private Regulation of Insider Trading in the Shadow of Lax Public Enforcement (and aStrong Neighbor): Evidence from Canadian Firms. University of Michigan Law School, 4-74.

Arsenault, a.H., & Castells, M. (2008). The Structure and Dynamics of Global Multi-Media Business Networks. International Journal of Communication, 707-748.

Beyazitoglu, F. (2009). Business Marketing - the Case of Microsoft. Germany: GRIN.

Responsibilities of a Multi-Disciplinary Team Summative Assessment

esponsibilities of a Multi-Disciplinary Team

BIOGAPHICAL INFOMATION: Melody a thirty-four-year-old female he was born on March 12th 1989 She is a single woman with no children and lives in Aaron's Hall District in Brooklyn. She gave her next of kin as Judith who is her mother. She use to work has a banker and is linked with the church of Jesus Christ faith.

PESENT COMPLAINT: Client was transported to the Accident and Emergence department by her brother because of some strange behavior, tossing rocks all in the street and talking to her. Melody protests of hearing voices and wanting to even kill herself, also difficulty being able to sleep. Melody mentions "father and mother do not take care of me and the they don't care although we all live in the same house, I am very stressed out." Forceful behavior and not doing hygienic needs. Past medical history:…

Barry, J. (2009). To use or not to use: The clinical use of the title "doctor" by DNP graduates. Journal of Nursing Administration, 39(3), 99.

Borthwick, A., Short, A., Nancarrow, S., & Boyce, R. (2010). Non- medical prescribing in Australasia and the UK: The case of podiatry. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research, 3(1), 1-1. doi:10.1186/1757-1146-3-1

Bryant, J., & Beinlich, N. (1999). Foot care: Focus on the elderly. Orthopedic Nursing, 18(6), 53-60. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/195966185?accountid=34899

Conn, L. (2007). Mind your step! A falls prevention programme designed to reduce falls in those over 75 years. Quality in Ageing and Older Adults, 8(1), 10-22.

Final Project Summative Assignment

Operating in over 27 countries, Walmart is one of America's largest retailers. The retailer is also billed as the world's largest enterprise -- on the basis of revenue. Since its establishment in 1965, Walmart has spread its tentacles across the world and is today regarded the world's largest private employer. Additionally, the retailer was last year ranked position 20 in the world's most valuable brands listing. esearch indicates that there are two issues that impact on the productivity as well as competitiveness of the retailer. The two problems are: workers' rights and customer needs when exploring or expanding to foreign markets.

In seeking to address these concerns, a number of well-thought-out solutions will be proposed. It is important to note that Walmart has in the past been criticized by civil rights organizations as well as labor unions for a number of worker rights violations. This is particularly the case with…

Adler, N. & Gundersen, A. (2008). International Dimensions of Organizational Behavior (5th ed.). Mason, OH: Thomson Learning Inc.

Blanchard, O. (2011). Social Media ROI: Managing and Measuring Social Media Efforts in your Organization. Boston, MA: Que Publishers.

Borrego, E. & Johnson, R.G. (2011). Cultural Competence for Public Managers: Managing Diversity in Today's World. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press

Brunn, S. D. (2006). Walmart World: The World's Biggest Corporation in the Global Economy. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.

Social Media Summative Assignment Week 5

relevance of a well-developed social media policy cannot be overstated. This is more so the case given that in addition to ensuring that their public image and reputation is not tainted; organizations need to protect themselves against liabilities arising from the actions of their employees. A new employee could be overenthusiastic about their new position and deem it fit to post, blog, and tweet about the said position and other info about the company. When their posts appear alongside other unrelated and non-professional (or even obscene) personal posts they have made in the past, this could put in question the caliber of people the company hires. Employees could, also, in seeking to defend their companies or other related reasons post abusive or false information about a rival company; or worse still, leak confidential data about the company they work for -- leading to legal suits

egardless of the relevance of…

Flynn, N. (2012). The Social Media Handbook: Rules, Policies, and Best Practices to Successfully Manage your Organization's Social Media Presence, Posts, and Potential. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons.

Greteman Group (2016). Social Media Policy. Retrieved from http://www.gretemangroup.com/social-media-policy/

Jenkins, H., Ford, S. & Green, J. (2013). Spreadable Media: Creating Value and Meaning in a Networked Culture. New York, NY: NYU Press

What Approach Should Be Used

Designing a study that evaluates an intervention must take several items into consideration in order to be determined as both reliable and valid; even if the study is in reality a health promotion goal, it is still necessary to treat it the same way a study would be treated. Determining what is reliable and what is valid therefore is an important step in both including those two objectives in a study, and achieving them as well. Study reliability is determined when the researcher can expect the same results time and time again by replicating research procedures. If a study is set up to determine results, and those results can be replicated, then the researcher can determine that the results are reliable. hen the researcher is attempting to show reliability, the researcher wants an independent observer to be capable of replicating results of the study using the same…

Jenkins, J.O.; (2010) A multi-faceted formative assessment approach: Better recognizing the learning needs of students, Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, Vol. 35, Issue 5, pp. 565 -- 576

Joughin, G.; (2010) The hidden curriculum revisited: A critical review of research into the influence of summative assessment on learning, Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, Vol. 35, Issue 3, pp. 335 -- 345

Schmitz, C.C.; Chipman, J.G.; Yoshida, K.; Vogel, R.I.; Sainfort, F.; Beilman, G.; Clinton, J.; Cooper, J.; Rejhsen, T.; Sweet, R.M.; (2014) Reliability and validity of a test designed to assess combat medic's readiness to perform life-saving procedures, Military Medicine, Vol. 179, Issue 1, pp. 42 -- 48

Studied Constantly With Many of

Patton states a new evaluator must know. Patton said that the evaluation situation provides the evaluator a chance to "focus an evaluation by appropriately matching the design, methods, measures…to the situation" (Patton). Daniel Stufflebeam agrees with Patton's assessment. He states that the new evaluator must know a number of different things, including "the meanings of formative and summative evaluation" (Stufflebeam).

Knowing the differences between a formative and summative evaluation is not the only thing that a new evaluator should know, the evaluator should also understand when to use a formative or a summative evaluation and when to employ a certain methodology. Michael Scriven tells the new evaluator that knowing how to validate empirical claims is by employing different methodologies is only a small part of the knowledge needed by a new evaluator, but an equally important piece of the puzzle is to know what device or tool to use as…

Percussion Teacher in Forty-Five Hours of Teaching

In forty-five hours of teaching percussion, I have learned to apply various learning theories to my work. I believe a greater understanding of these theories has improved my pedagogy and enhanced communications and interpersonal connections with my students, who are both male and female and range in age from child to adult. The purpose of this paper is to reflect on my own learning experience as a teacher, including application of learning theories, effective communication techniques, use of formative and summative assessments, and incorporating language literacy and numeracy in the lessons. By reflecting on the teaching experience, I hope to gain insight that will inform my approach in the future and help me better meet the needs of all my students.

For many of my students, I use the London College of Music series that has a graded course (1-8) for drum kit. Each handbook includes…

Cook, G. (1988). Teaching Percussion, New York (USA): G. Schirmer.

Criswell, C. 2009, 'Drum circles and the national standards', buying an essay online Teaching Music, vol. 16, no. 4, pp.

Fidyk, S. 2010, 'Percussion: Adapting drumming for students with special needs', Teaching

Supervision and Evaluation Public Education

He has found that in his experience, this method works best.

Grossman, Pam and Loeb, Susanna. (2010). Learning from multiple routes. Educational Leadership, 67(8), 22-27.

Grossman and Loeb talk about how alternative routes to becoming a teacher have grown throughout the past few decades. The necessity for teachers is mainly in urban areas as this is where most teacher shortages occur. They discuss how subjects such as math and science are in high demand and people with backgrounds in either area usually are successful at taking an alternative route. The authors make a point to note that not all alternative programs are the same. They praise the Teach for American and New York City Teaching Fellows programs as being top rated and highly selective, thus garnering the best candidates. Teach for American and New York City Teaching Fellows programs generally recruit applicants from competitive schools which is why both programs…

Kaye, Eileen Beverley. (2004). Turning the tide on marginal teaching. Journal of Curriculum and Supervision. 19(3), 234-258.

In this journal article, Kaye discusses what she calls marginal teachers and the best methods to assist teachers falling into this category. Her definition of marginal teachers are those whose teaching practices are borderline unacceptable. She favors the collaborative approach which requires input and goal setting from both the teacher and the supervisor. Going a step further, she looks at the formative and summative methods of evaluation to find out if either or both approaches would be helpful for teachers falling into the marginal category. Kaye also looks at factors that may cause marginal teaching. She notes that certain supervisory methods could be the blame and says that all areas should be examined.

She favors the formative approach in dealing with schools having a large number of teachers that fall into this category. Kaye feels that when there are several teachers not performing well, the programs should be examined for ways to improve them instead of placing the blame on the teachers.

Supervision When to Use Directive Control Behaviors

Supervision: When to Use Directive Control Behaviors

This paper is about many different aspects of effective supervision, training and evaluation, but the main concern here is control. It can be assumed that the supervisor has control over the supervisory situation, but this would be an oversimplification of the relationship between a line employee and their direct boss. Control is a shared entity because though the supervisor may determine the course an employee must take, the employee decides whether they will follow that direction or not. Thus, the supervisor must prove to the employee that they are competent in the job before they can expect the employee to follow direction.

This is the stance taken by directive control behaviors. A supervisor who uses directive control behaviors has to be a subject matter expert. If they cannot claim an expertise in the elements that the job entails then they are less likely…

Pistole and Fitch (2008) examined the role of attachment in supervision. The findings in this study were much like those of the cultural study. Two factors influenced the role attachment played in the supervisory relationship: a culture that valued attachment, or a person who did not feel confident in the job that they were doing. The second type of employee seems to thrive under the vertical, directive style of leadership and have productivity decreases when forced to complete a task with little direction (Pistole & Fitch, 2008). This meshes well with other research which suggests what the appropriate role of directive control behaviors are.

Directive control also calls for a leader who is charismatic enough to generate the trust necessary for the directive relationship to succeed. The worker must be able to see that the supervisor has confidence in their skill level before that leader will be accepted. Einstein and Humphreys (2001) looked at how directive leaders were perceived by their subordinates. The most important part of the relationship, according to the research, was the belief by the employees that the leader was an expert. This led to a belief that the direction that was being received was appropriate to meet the set goals. The researchers did find that a leader must be willing to move from "directive to persuasive to involving to inspirational styles of leadership" as the competency and confidence of the employees increased. If the supervisor remained in a directive role for too long then productivity of the employees would decrease.

These studies bear out two points that are important for understanding the role of directive supervisory behavior. First, there are certain groups of people that will generally feel more comfortable when the supervisor takes a more directive role. Second, directive leadership has a very specific window of success. It needs to be used in the correct situations.

Instructional Effectiveness Many Scholars Claim

Time to develop and use assessments effectively must be built into the teachers' work week. They are time-consuming, but worthwhile, and should not be administered as an afterthought. The results tell us a great deal about students and ourselves. It will be a challenge to make sure assessments are meaningful and are accorded the time they deserve.

When we think of assessments, we often think about formal assessments, whether they are teacher-created quizzes, chapter tests from a textbook, or standardized tests that compare students across the country. Assessment can, and should, include the informal observations teachers make in their classrooms on a daily basis. Because teachers spend so much time with their students, they are in a good position to see both struggles and progress. It may be one of the easiest ways to see what students need because it is immediate and requires no preparation. We can learn from…

Hur, J.W., & Suh, S. (2010). The development, implementation, and evaluation of a summer school for English language learners. The Professional Educator 34(2).

Joosten-ten Brinke, D., Sluijmans, D.M.A., & Jochems, W.M.G. (2010). Assessor's approaches to portfolio assessment in assessment of prior learning procedures.

Evaluation in Higher Education 35(1), pp. 55-70.

Rhodes, T. (2010). Since we seem to agree, why are the outcomes so difficult to achieve? New

Secondary Literature and Primary Research

Every educational institution and population presents unique characteristics and requirements that make even the most comprehensive prior research incomplete in terms of the actual advisability of implementing changes in that educational environment (Lloyd, 2005).

Summative evaluation must begin from the moment of initial implementation (II, 2008). It should cover both the immediate apparent response of and effect on learners as well as the apparent efficacy and appropriateness of the operational approach implemented by teachers initially. The former allows teachers to gauge, in real time, the degree to which the new changes seem to be received by students and the degree to which they seem to benefit their teaching objectives and learning outcomes. Sometimes, that process allows educators to identify practical difficulties and complications in their chosen methods of delivery that might not have been anticipated prospectively. Other times, that process allows educators to identify problems, deficiencies, and complications…

Informal Reading Inventory (IRI): Assessment Procedures Manual Secondary (2008). St.

Paul Public Schools. Retrieved October 22, 2011, from:

Lascarides, V. And Hinitz, B. (2000). History of Early Childhood Education. New York:

Special Needs Intervention

Special Needs Intervention

Brenda is a seven-year-old second grader that has been identified as dyslexic. She has significant delays in pre-literacy and numeracy skills have been identified through both formal assessment and performance in classroom activities. Work samples demonstrate that Brenda has difficulty sequencing and recognizing word phenomes and putting them together for reading and writing activities. Brenda does not demonstrate the ability to recognize phenomes in words. Brenda frequently reverses letters and/or the whole words when performing literacy tasks.

An interview with Brenda's teacher reveals that other than her problems associated with dyslexia, Brenda's development and functioning is on target with a majority of her peers. She tends to display shyness and introversion when called upon in class to perform activities associated with literacy and numeracy. She is polite and participates actively in class activities. She is a pleasant child and normally social with her classmates. She…

Adams, M., Foorman, B., Lundberg, I. & Beeler, T. (2011). "Phonemic Awareness in Young

Dyslexiasymptoms.net. (2011). Dyslexia Symptoms, Tests and Treatment. Retrieved from http://www.dyslexiasymptoms.net/page/2

Working for International Peace

Mitigating Lawless African Acts

Problem Definition and Intervention Description

Boko Haram is a militant Islamist organization that it terrorizing large portions of Nigeria, since at least 2011 (Uhrmacher and Sheridan, 2106). Their methods are fairly typical of terrorists. These include suicide bombings, kidnappings, and attacks on everyday civilians. The crux of their methodology is that they are targeting civilians since they do not have the means to battle the largely Christian government via conventional warfare. Therefore, they have resorted to terrorist attacks to cause residents to flee and to attempt to gain territory in such a manner.

The principle means of intervening in this activity is to aid the Christian government of Nigeria with forces that are opposed to terrorism. This aid will include those marshaled and containing troops from the United States, Western Europe, and the United Nations in general. It is critical to supply the Nigerian government with…

Vignette 1 Maria and Her

Not all teachers are aware of the fact that formative assessments should be used to modify their own teaching approach, and not merely to see if students are doing their homework. Teachers should also be more willing to pool their collective knowledge and resources, so they can exchange ideas about using different forms of formative assessments besides quizzes.

3. Formative assessments are as much of a "check in" for me as your child. I am trying to "check" to see what he or she does not understand.

4. The overemphasis on standardized testing can cause teachers to focus too much on the stated goals of the lesson, and not enough on the process of learning. It is not possible to remove this impediment, however. Instead teachers should find ways to make formative assessment useful in meeting the goals set for the class. Students should be encouraged to use periodic formative…

Garrison, Catherine & Michael Ehringhaus (2011).Formative and summative assessment.

Comprehension of a Cours's Subject

I would then draft the scenario with a script for the laboring patient to follow that precisely matches the signs and red flags from the curriculum. This would ensure that the nurses are thinking through and recalling both the problem and the proper steps to fix the problem.

For example, one problem that might arise is that the baby's head is not easily exiting the birth canal. According to the curriculum the nurse would then know that from that factor the mother is pushing the wrong position. The nurse would be required to lift the mother from a supine position and aid her into the natural squatting position, which is recommended most for expanding the pelvis and shortening the birth canal. Thus, the nurse determines the red flag and fixes the problem correctly.

This evaluation provides useful information on the amount of comprehension that the nurses are gaining from the…

Jordan, S. (2000). Educational input and patient outcomes: Exploring the gap. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 31(2), 461 -- 471.

Messner, E.R., Reck, D.L., & Curci, K.M. (2005). Effectiveness of a patient education brochure in the emergency department. Topics in Emergency Medicine, 27(4), 251 -- 255.

Summative academic essay, Summative academic essay